Роботи животни (Роботика Пи)
Цел
Целта на нивото е да представи роботи сходни по движение и държание с реални животни, които започват да взимат сложни решения.
Съдържание
Ниво π е третото на курса “Роботика с Лего”. В занятията се конструират роботи животни и се търсят решение за начина им на придвижване. Предоставят се само отделни части от всяка конструкция като учениците сами търсят начин да я довършат до функциониращ робот. Въвеждат се абстракции като групирането на инструкциите в нови отделни блокове, както и използването на променливи. Роботите започват да стават “по-умни” като пазят вътрешното си състояние, запомнят предишните си действия и на тази база определят следващите си стъпки.
Наименование
Числото π е може би най-известното и фундаментално число в математиката (особено за хора, които не се занимават постоянно с числа). За това говорят няколкото филма носещи негово име, използването му в редица реклами, използването му в имената на училища специализирани в математиката, както и и популярността му в интернет. Дори един от закачливите факти за Чък Норис е, че той знае последната цифра на числото пи!!!
Ако се огледате вкъщи за всяка чаша, крушка, часовник, чиния, капачка, контакт, сферична играчка за елхата (и много други) важи правилото, че отношението между обиколката на кръга и неговият диаметър е винаги едно и също и равно на π. Няма значение колко е голям кръгът и неговият диаметър. Хайде, какво чакате! Знам, че искате да вземете един конец, да премерите обиколката и диаметъра на чашата с кафе до вас, да ги разделите едно на друго и да видите наистина ли резултатът ще е 3.14…?
Повече за числото пи може да научите на http://www.khanacademy.org/video/circles–radius–diameter-and-circumference?playlist=Geometry
Секция 2
Each student, who has taken the course for begginers, could choose interesting for him tematic lesson. Below, you can find brief description of each topic. The list of topisc will be constantly updated, so that you can find something new and challenging each time. You could leave your suggestions for theme, visiting this page.
Experimental robots (Robotics Tau)
Animal Robots (Robotics Pi)
Aim
The goal of the level is to present robots that move and behave like real life animals and that are able to make more complicated decisions.
Content
Level π is the third one in the course “Robotics with Lego”. During the lessons students construct animal like robots and try to figure out how to make them move. The students look for ways to complete a functional robot after they have been given certain parts of a construction.
Abstractions are brought in, like the instructions being grouped together in separate new blocks, and the use of variables. The robots become ‘smarter’. They develop their intelligence and keep their internal state, they base their next actions on their previous ones.
Naming
The number π is probably the best known and most fundamental number in mathematics (especially for people who don’t work with numbers constantly). There are a few movies named after it, it’s very often used in commercials and also in the names of schools that specialize in mathematics. Even one of the playful jokes about Chuck Norris is that he knows the last digit of π.
For many objects around your house: cups, clocks, plates, spherical Christmas decorations, the principle, that the ratio of the circumference and the diameter is always the same and equal to π, is true. It doesn’t matter how big the circle is. Come on, what are you waiting for? I know you want to take piece of thread and measure the circumference and diameter of the nearest cup, divide them and see if the answer really is 3.14…?
You can learn more about π at http://www.khanacademy.org/video/circles–radius–diameter-and-circumference?playlist=Geometry.
Smart Robots (Robotics I)
Aim
The goal of the level is to present different approaches to programming the robots, focusing mainly on the programming.
Content
Level ‘i‘ is the fourth in the course “Robotics with Lego”. In many of the lessons, the teams work on one robot and every team is responsible for completing their assigned task. Giving input values and using the output values of each block is discussed. Variables of the 3 main types: Integer, Boolean, Text are used widely. The robots keep an affluent internal state, they count, calculate, they can make logical decisions, and make choices. Using blocks that are executed simultaneously is introduced.
Naming
It is impressive how until one moment, the numbers are viewed as a part of an axis but as we are introduced to the number ‘i’, noting is quite so straightforward any more. ‘i’ is an extraordinary example of how Mathematics gives the possibility that a problem can be looked at differently and we can always find an easier solution.
You can find more about ‘i‘ following http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-i-and-imaginary-numbers?playlist=Algebra:
Experimental Robots (Robotics Tau)
Aim
The goal of the level is to carry out experiments with the robots and analyze the gathered information.
Content
Level ‘τ‘ is the fifth part of the course “Robotics with Lego”. During the lessons, the students carry out experiments and learn to use robots to gather and analyze information, then to make conclusions. Basic concepts like minimal, maximal and average value, median and mode are introduced. The well-known concept engineer’s error is addressed. The students perform experiments with more than one sensor at a time. The goal of the level is to teach participants the basic knowledge about gathering and processing data collected during these experiments and the possibility to use robots for carrying out those experiments.
Naming
The number ‘τ‘ is equal to 2π. We used it for the name of this level as a tribute to the Euler (
). This is one of the equations that changes peoples’ perception of the world and especially mathematics. And this particular equation е^i*τ=1 is one of the most elegant ones that people has discovered and shows the extraordinary dependency of “the universe”. In the words of Salman Khan ‘If this does not blow your mind, you have no emotions!’
Learn more about the Euler formula and τ at http://www.khanacademy.org/video/euler-s-formula-and-euler-s-identity?playlist=Calculus: